You know, inspiration can come from the strangest of places.
About a year ago, I spotted at my local supermarket an airwick automatic air freshener unit. It cost about $10 and I bought it right away thinking that it could be used to keep our toilet smelling nice and fresh and limit the amount of matches that are chucked in there to keep it from stinking the house out. So I arrived home from the shops with the brand new $10 automatic air freshener under my arm. And, predictably, my Mum wasn’t happy about me spending money on robotic air fresheners. I ended up having to pay for it myself. Oh well. It was still cool.
My airwick freshener thingy.
So I put in the freshener cartridge that came with the device, set it to the right mode, and left it alone. The little air freshener went off every time you walked into the toilet keeping it smelling nice. But airwick (the company that makes these) are just as bad as the printer companies. They get you on the toner, or in this case the cartridges. The cartridges cost about $10 and only last about a week or so. Needless to say, the freshener sat and collected dust with an empty cartridge just blinking its little light. Until yesterday when I noticed it had a PIR detector mounted in the front for detecting motion.
The PIR sensor
For more on what a PIR sensor is and how it’s used see here: http://www.ladyada.net/learn/sensors/pir.html
So what am I going to build with this? A super mario brothers room greeting robot.
Let’s start by taking the freshener apart.
The back of the freshener. It looks like some sort of crashed spaceship.
The gas cartridge in position.
The gas cartridge.
The back cover with the batteries out exposing two screws.
The circuit board and it's plugs. The PIR is on the other side of the PCB.
A very nice looking PCB with the PIR, switches and some handy connectors.
After disassembling the device I wanted to find out how the PIR is wired up on this particular device. To do this I used this tutorial on hacking the airwick fresheners found here:
It was a very simple procedure and worked straight away. Thanks for posting your method Doug! Here’s a picture of my finished hack.
The white wire is the modification.
I tested it using the code found on the ladyada PIR tutorial mentioned above. It worked fine and was surprisingly good at detecting people. So now I have the sensor and I’m ready to put a little music into this project. Here’s what I used for the music: http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1253920105 (the RTTTL example). The music sounded surprisingly good and is pretty easy to modify. I shortened the mario song by referencing the sheet music found here: http://www.mariopiano.com/mario-sheet-music-overworld-main-theme.html . Once I had figured out which bit of the song I wanted I simply lopped off the bit I didn’t need and was left with this RTTTL text:
char *song = “smb:d=4,o=5,b=100:16e6,16e6,32p,8e6,16c6,8e6,8g6,8p,8g,”;
It’s much shorter than the original code from the arduino forum. You can load any RTTTL ringtone into it so it’s not like this thing is limited to playing super mario bros. Cool. Now to bring it all together.
I did this by modifying the bottom section of the RTTTL example to this:
void loop(void)
{
//I chose pin 2 to read the PIR signal
if (digitalRead(2) == (LOW)){
play_rtttl(song);
delay(5000); //delay to make sure it doesn't go off too often.
}
}
Now that I have the code so that it only plays the song when the sensor detects motion, I can show you a video of it working. This a pretty cool project and is a fun addition to any room. Here’s the hastily made video (made on my mobile phone because my HD webcam isn’t working with youtube):
It could also be used for something like this: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbEKAwCoCKw .
A very retro one-day project:
The finished project with the PIR in its case.
Cool. My room is now complete with retro gaming noises.
Here’s the full version of the code because it was requested:
//Below is a modified version of the example RTTTL sketch that I used to power the project.
//You need to have the tone library installed.
// A fun sketch to demonstrate the use of the Tone library.
// To mix the output of the signals to output to a small speaker (i.e. 8 Ohms or higher),
// simply use 1K Ohm resistors from each output pin and tie them together at the speaker.
// Don't forget to connect the other side of the speaker to ground!
// You can get more RTTTL (RingTone Text Transfer Language) songs from
// http://code.google.com/p/rogue-code/wiki/ToneLibraryDocumentation
#include <Tone.h>
Tone tone1;
#define OCTAVE_OFFSET 0
int notes[] = { 0,
NOTE_C4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_E4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_FS4, NOTE_G4, NOTE_GS4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_AS4, NOTE_B4,
NOTE_C5, NOTE_CS5, NOTE_D5, NOTE_DS5, NOTE_E5, NOTE_F5, NOTE_FS5, NOTE_G5, NOTE_GS5, NOTE_A5, NOTE_AS5, NOTE_B5,
NOTE_C6, NOTE_CS6, NOTE_D6, NOTE_DS6, NOTE_E6, NOTE_F6, NOTE_FS6, NOTE_G6, NOTE_GS6, NOTE_A6, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_B6,
NOTE_C7, NOTE_CS7, NOTE_D7, NOTE_DS7, NOTE_E7, NOTE_F7, NOTE_FS7, NOTE_G7, NOTE_GS7, NOTE_A7, NOTE_AS7, NOTE_B7
};
//char *song = "The Simpsons:d=4,o=5,b=160:c.6,e6,f#6,8a6,g.6,e6,c6,8a,8f#,8f#,8f#,2g,8p,8p,8f#,8f#,8f#,8g,a#.,8c6,8c6,8c6,c6";
//char *song = "Indiana:d=4,o=5,b=250:e,8p,8f,8g,8p,1c6,8p.,d,8p,8e,1f,p.,g,8p,8a,8b,8p,1f6,p,a,8p,8b,2c6,2d6,2e6,e,8p,8f,8g,8p,1c6,p,d6,8p,8e6,1f.6,g,8p,8g,e.6,8p,d6,8p,8g,e.6,8p,d6,8p,8g,f.6,8p,e6,8p,8d6,2c6";
//char *song = "TakeOnMe:d=4,o=4,b=160:8f#5,8f#5,8f#5,8d5,8p,8b,8p,8e5,8p,8e5,8p,8e5,8g#5,8g#5,8a5,8b5,8a5,8a5,8a5,8e5,8p,8d5,8p,8f#5,8p,8f#5,8p,8f#5,8e5,8e5,8f#5,8e5,8f#5,8f#5,8f#5,8d5,8p,8b,8p,8e5,8p,8e5,8p,8e5,8g#5,8g#5,8a5,8b5,8a5,8a5,8a5,8e5,8p,8d5,8p,8f#5,8p,8f#5,8p,8f#5,8e5,8e5";
//char *song = "Entertainer:d=4,o=5,b=140:8d,8d#,8e,c6,8e,c6,8e,2c.6,8c6,8d6,8d#6,8e6,8c6,8d6,e6,8b,d6,2c6,p,8d,8d#,8e,c6,8e,c6,8e,2c.6,8p,8a,8g,8f#,8a,8c6,e6,8d6,8c6,8a,2d6";
//char *song = "Muppets:d=4,o=5,b=250:c6,c6,a,b,8a,b,g,p,c6,c6,a,8b,8a,8p,g.,p,e,e,g,f,8e,f,8c6,8c,8d,e,8e,8e,8p,8e,g,2p,c6,c6,a,b,8a,b,g,p,c6,c6,a,8b,a,g.,p,e,e,g,f,8e,f,8c6,8c,8d,e,8e,d,8d,c";
//char *song = "Xfiles:d=4,o=5,b=125:e,b,a,b,d6,2b.,1p,e,b,a,b,e6,2b.,1p,g6,f#6,e6,d6,e6,2b.,1p,g6,f#6,e6,d6,f#6,2b.,1p,e,b,a,b,d6,2b.,1p,e,b,a,b,e6,2b.,1p,e6,2b.";
//char *song = "Looney:d=4,o=5,b=140:32p,c6,8f6,8e6,8d6,8c6,a.,8c6,8f6,8e6,8d6,8d#6,e.6,8e6,8e6,8c6,8d6,8c6,8e6,8c6,8d6,8a,8c6,8g,8a#,8a,8f";
//char *song = "20thCenFox:d=16,o=5,b=140:b,8p,b,b,2b,p,c6,32p,b,32p,c6,32p,b,32p,c6,32p,b,8p,b,b,b,32p,b,32p,b,32p,b,32p,b,32p,b,32p,b,32p,g#,32p,a,32p,b,8p,b,b,2b,4p,8e,8g#,8b,1c#6,8f#,8a,8c#6,1e6,8a,8c#6,8e6,1e6,8b,8g#,8a,2b";
//char *song = "Bond:d=4,o=5,b=80:32p,16c#6,32d#6,32d#6,16d#6,8d#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,32e6,32e6,16e6,8e6,16d#6,16d#6,16d#6,16c#6,32d#6,32d#6,16d#6,8d#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,16c#6,32e6,32e6,16e6,8e6,16d#6,16d6,16c#6,16c#7,c.7,16g#6,16f#6,g#.6";
//char *song = "MASH:d=8,o=5,b=140:4a,4g,f#,g,p,f#,p,g,p,f#,p,2e.,p,f#,e,4f#,e,f#,p,e,p,4d.,p,f#,4e,d,e,p,d,p,e,p,d,p,2c#.,p,d,c#,4d,c#,d,p,e,p,4f#,p,a,p,4b,a,b,p,a,p,b,p,2a.,4p,a,b,a,4b,a,b,p,2a.,a,4f#,a,b,p,d6,p,4e.6,d6,b,p,a,p,2b";
//char *song = "StarWars:d=4,o=5,b=45:32p,32f#,32f#,32f#,8b.,8f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32e6,8c#.6,32f#,32f#,32f#,8b.,8f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32c#6,8b.6,16f#.6,32e6,32d#6,32e6,8c#6";
//char *song = "GoodBad:d=4,o=5,b=56:32p,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,16g#.,d#,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,16g#.,c#6,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16f#.,32f.,32d#.,c#,32a#,32d#6,32a#,32d#6,8a#.,16g#.,d#";
//char *song = "TopGun:d=4,o=4,b=31:32p,16c#,16g#,16g#,32f#,32f,32f#,32f,16d#,16d#,32c#,32d#,16f,32d#,32f,16f#,32f,32c#,16f,d#,16c#,16g#,16g#,32f#,32f,32f#,32f,16d#,16d#,32c#,32d#,16f,32d#,32f,16f#,32f,32c#,g#";
//char *song = "A-Team:d=8,o=5,b=125:4d#6,a#,2d#6,16p,g#,4a#,4d#.,p,16g,16a#,d#6,a#,f6,2d#6,16p,c#.6,16c6,16a#,g#.,2a#";
//char *song = "Flinstones:d=4,o=5,b=40:32p,16f6,16a#,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,16f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c6,d6,16f6,16a#.,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,32f6,32f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c6,a#,16a6,16d.6,16a#6,32a6,32a6,32g6,32f#6,32a6,8g6,16g6,16c.6,32a6,32a6,32g6,32g6,32f6,32e6,32g6,8f6,16f6,16a#.,16a#6,32g6,16f6,16a#.,16f6,32d#6,32d6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c.6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#,16c.6,32d6,32d#6,32f6,16a#6,16c7,8a#.6";
//char *song = "Jeopardy:d=4,o=6,b=125:c,f,c,f5,c,f,2c,c,f,c,f,a.,8g,8f,8e,8d,8c#,c,f,c,f5,c,f,2c,f.,8d,c,a#5,a5,g5,f5,p,d#,g#,d#,g#5,d#,g#,2d#,d#,g#,d#,g#,c.7,8a#,8g#,8g,8f,8e,d#,g#,d#,g#5,d#,g#,2d#,g#.,8f,d#,c#,c,p,a#5,p,g#.5,d#,g#";
//char *song = "Gadget:d=16,o=5,b=50:32d#,32f,32f#,32g#,a#,f#,a,f,g#,f#,32d#,32f,32f#,32g#,a#,d#6,4d6,32d#,32f,32f#,32g#,a#,f#,a,f,g#,f#,8d#";
//char *song = "Smurfs:d=32,o=5,b=200:4c#6,16p,4f#6,p,16c#6,p,8d#6,p,8b,p,4g#,16p,4c#6,p,16a#,p,8f#,p,8a#,p,4g#,4p,g#,p,a#,p,b,p,c6,p,4c#6,16p,4f#6,p,16c#6,p,8d#6,p,8b,p,4g#,16p,4c#6,p,16a#,p,8b,p,8f,p,4f#";
//char *song = "MahnaMahna:d=16,o=6,b=125:c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,4g#,a#,g.,4d#,8p,c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,g#.,8a#.,4g,8p,c#,c.,b5,8a#.5,8f.,4g#,f,g.,8d#.,f,g.,8d#.,f,8g,8d#.,f,8g,d#,8c,a#5,8d#.,8d#.,4d#,8d#.";
//char *song = "LeisureSuit:d=16,o=6,b=56:f.5,f#.5,g.5,g#5,32a#5,f5,g#.5,a#.5,32f5,g#5,32a#5,g#5,8c#.,a#5,32c#,a5,a#.5,c#.,32a5,a#5,32c#,d#,8e,c#.,f.,f.,f.,f.,f,32e,d#,8d,a#.5,e,32f,e,32f,c#,d#.,c#";
//har *song = "MissionImp:d=16,o=6,b=95:32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d#,32d,32d,32d#,32e,32f,32f#,32g,g,8p,g,8p,a#,p,c7,p,g,8p,g,8p,f,p,f#,p,g,8p,g,8p,a#,p,c7,p,g,8p,g,8p,f,p,f#,p,a#,g,2d,32p,a#,g,2c#,32p,a#,g,2c,a#5,8c,2p,32p,a#5,g5,2f#,32p,a#5,g5,2f,32p,a#5,g5,2e,d#,8d";
//char *song = "SMBUndergr:d=16,o=6,b=100:c,c5,a5,a,a#5,a#,2p,8p,c,c5,a5,a,a#5,a#,2p,8p,f5,f,d5,d,d#5,d#,2p,8p,f5,f,d5,d,d#5,d#,2p,32d#,d,32c#,c,p,d#,p,d,p,g#5,p,g5,p,c#,p,32c,f#,32f,32e,a#,32a,g#,32p,d#,b5,32p,a#5,32p,a5,g#5";
char *song = "smb:d=4,o=5,b=100:16e6,16e6,32p,8e6,16c6,8e6,8g6,8p,8g,";
void setup(void)
{
Serial.begin(9600);
tone1.begin(13);
}
#define isdigit(n) (n >= '0' && n <= '9')
void play_rtttl(char *p)
{
// Absolutely no error checking in here
byte default_dur = 4;
byte default_oct = 6;
int bpm = 63;
int num;
long wholenote;
long duration;
byte note;
byte scale;
// format: d=N,o=N,b=NNN:
// find the start (skip name, etc)
while(*p != ':') p++; // ignore name
p++; // skip ':'
// get default duration
if(*p == 'd')
{
p++; p++; // skip "d="
num = 0;
while(isdigit(*p))
{
num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
}
if(num > 0) default_dur = num;
p++; // skip comma
}
Serial.print("ddur: "); Serial.println(default_dur, 10);
// get default octave
if(*p == 'o')
{
p++; p++; // skip "o="
num = *p++ - '0';
if(num >= 3 && num <=7) default_oct = num;
p++; // skip comma
}
Serial.print("doct: "); Serial.println(default_oct, 10);
// get BPM
if(*p == 'b')
{
p++; p++; // skip "b="
num = 0;
while(isdigit(*p))
{
num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
}
bpm = num;
p++; // skip colon
}
Serial.print("bpm: "); Serial.println(bpm, 10);
// BPM usually expresses the number of quarter notes per minute
wholenote = (60 * 1000L / bpm) * 4; // this is the time for whole note (in milliseconds)
Serial.print("wn: "); Serial.println(wholenote, 10);
// now begin note loop
while(*p)
{
// first, get note duration, if available
num = 0;
while(isdigit(*p))
{
num = (num * 10) + (*p++ - '0');
}
if(num) duration = wholenote / num;
else duration = wholenote / default_dur; // we will need to check if we are a dotted note after
// now get the note
note = 0;
switch(*p)
{
case 'c':
note = 1;
break;
case 'd':
note = 3;
break;
case 'e':
note = 5;
break;
case 'f':
note = 6;
break;
case 'g':
note = 8;
break;
case 'a':
note = 10;
break;
case 'b':
note = 12;
break;
case 'p':
default:
note = 0;
}
p++;
// now, get optional '#' sharp
if(*p == '#')
{
note++;
p++;
}
// now, get optional '.' dotted note
if(*p == '.')
{
duration += duration/2;
p++;
}
// now, get scale
if(isdigit(*p))
{
scale = *p - '0';
p++;
}
else
{
scale = default_oct;
}
scale += OCTAVE_OFFSET;
if(*p == ',')
p++; // skip comma for next note (or we may be at the end)
// now play the note
if(note)
{
Serial.print("Playing: ");
Serial.print(scale, 10); Serial.print(' ');
Serial.print(note, 10); Serial.print(" (");
Serial.print(notes[(scale - 4) * 12 + note], 10);
Serial.print(") ");
Serial.println(duration, 10);
tone1.play(notes[(scale - 4) * 12 + note]);
delay(duration);
tone1.stop();
}
else
{
Serial.print("Pausing: ");
Serial.println(duration, 10);
delay(duration);
}
}
}
void loop(void)
{
//I chose pin 2 to read the PIR signal
if (digitalRead(2) == (LOW)){
play_rtttl(song);
delay(5000); // wait 50 seconds for me so it doesn't endlessly loop.
}
}
